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Code Sec. 367(a) and (d) After the TCJA

by | Jan 3, 2020 | ,

Code Sec. 367(a) and (d) subject to taxation a transfer of tangible and intangible property by a U.S. person to a foreign corporation in an otherwise tax-free transaction. While for many years exceptions were provided for transfers of certain types of property, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“TCJA”) amended Code Sec. 367, removing the exceptions and broadening the definition of intangible property.

Specifically, Code Sec. 367(a)(1) provides generally that gain realized on the transfer of property by a U.S. person to a foreign corporation is subject to taxation. Former Code Sec. 367(a)(3) had provided an exception for property transferred to a foreign corporation for use in an active trade or business outside the United States. For example, this exception was available for the transfer of a foreign plant and equipment. The exception did not apply to a transfer of inventory, accounts receivable, intangible property within the meaning of former Code Sec. 936(h)(3) (B), or foreign currency. The TCJA eliminated this exception, such that gain on a transfer of property by a US person to a foreign corporation is now subject to immediate taxation, except for property subject to Code Sec. 367(d).

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Originally published by International Tax Journal: November/December 2019



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Weekly IRS Roundup September 30 – October 4, 2019

by | Oct 8, 2019 | ,

Presented below is our summary of significant Internal Revenue Service (IRS) guidance and relevant tax matters for the week of September 30 – October 4, 2019.

September 30, 2019: The IRS published a draft of the tax year 2019: (i) Form 1065, US Return of Partnership Income; (ii) its Schedule K-1, Partner’s Share of Income, Deductions, Credits, etc.; (iii) Form 1120-S, US Income Tax Return for an S Corporation; and (iv) its Schedule K-1, Shareholder’s Share of Income, Deductions, Credits, etc. The IRS intends the changes to the form and schedule to improve the quality of the information reported by partnerships both to the IRS and the partners of such entities and to improve the data available for the IRS’s compliance selection processes. This draft gives tax practitioners a preview of the changes and software providers the information they need to update systems before the final version of the updated forms and schedules are released in December. There is a limited window period (30 days) for taxpayers to provide comments on the forms to the IRS.

October 1, 2019: The Treasury and the IRS issued a revenue procedure that limits the inquiries required by US persons to determine whether certain foreign corporations are controlled foreign corporations. The revenue procedure also allows certain unrelated minority US shareholders to rely on specified financial statement information to calculate their subpart F and GILTI inclusions and satisfy reporting requirements with respect to certain CFCs if more detailed tax information is not available. It also provides penalty relief to taxpayers in the specified circumstances. The revenue procedure announces that the IRS intends to amend the instructions for Form 5471 to reduce the amount of information that certain unrelated minority US shareholders of the CFC are required to provide. It will also limit the filing requirements of US shareholders who only constructively own stock of the CFC solely due to downward attribution from another person.

October 2, 2019: The Treasury and the IRS released proposed regulations relating to the modification of section 958(b) by the TCJA. The proposed regulations provide relief to taxpayers affected by the repeal of section 958(b)(4), which provided that the downward attribution rules of section 318 were not to be applied so as to consider a United States person as owning stock owned by a foreign person. The regulations also propose modifications to existing regulations that are intended to ensure that the operation of certain rules is consistent with their application before the repeal of section 958(b)(4). The proposed regulations affect United States persons that have ownership interests in or that make or receive payments to or from certain foreign corporations. The modifications relate to the following: (i) section 267 (Deduction for Certain Payments to Foreign Related Persons); (ii) section 332 (Liquidation of Applicable Holding Company); (iii) section 367(a) (Triggering Event Exception for other Dispositions or Events under Treas. Reg. § 1.367(a)-8(k)(14)); (iv) section 672 (CFC’s Ownership of a Trust); (v) section 706 (Taxable Year of a Partnership); (vi) section 863 [...]

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Weekly IRS Roundup August 26 – 30, 2019

by | Sep 3, 2019 | ,

Presented below is our summary of significant Internal Revenue Service (IRS) guidance and relevant tax matters for the week of August 26 – 30, 2019.

August 26, 2019: The IRS released a Treasury Decision in which it issued correcting amendments to TD 9866 (i.e., the global intangible low-taxed income (GILTI) and Foreign Tax Credit Regulations pertaining to IRC §951A). The correcting amendments to Treasury Regulations Section 1.951A-2 include in the second sentence of paragraph (c)(4)(iv)(A)(2)(i), removing the language “paragraph (c)(4)(ii)(A)” and adding “paragraph (c)(4)(iii)(A)” in its place, and in the third sentence, removing the language “paragraph (c)(4)(ii)(B)” and adding “paragraph (c)(4)(iii)(B)” in its place, among other changes.

August 27, 2019: The IRS released a revenue procedure in which it added Georgia to the list of countries for which the United States has an automatic exchange of deposit interest information as related to certain nonresident alien individuals. This revenue procedure supersedes Rev. Proc. 2018-36.

August 28, 2019: The IRS issued a news release and a revenue procedure in which it announced that interest rates will remain the same for the calendar quarter beginning October 1, 2019, as they were in the prior quarter. Specifically, those rates are 5% for overpayments (4% for corporations), 2.5% for the portion of a corporate overpayment exceeding $10,000, 5% for underpayments, 7% for large corporate underpayments and, for taxpayers other than corporations, the overpayment and underpayment rate is the federal short-term rate plus 3 percentage points.

August 29, 2019: The IRS released a revenue procedure in which it set forth 2018 annual percentages for Foreign Insurance Companies carrying on US business. Specifically, the domestic asset/liability percentage was set at 118.3% for foreign life insurance companies and 201.2% for foreign property and liability insurance companies. The revenue procedure also published domestic investment yields of 4.5% for foreign life insurance companies and 3.5% for foreign property and liability insurance companies. The IRS stated that a foreign insurance company must compute its estimated tax payments for its investment income for such taxable years by using the greater of its actual effectively connected net investment income or its minimum net investment income using these percentages, except that such company may continue to use the prior year’s percentages, as published in Revenue Procedure 2018-45, if the due date of an installment is less than 20 days after the current procedure is published in the Internal Revenue Bulletin.

August 30, 2019: The IRS released its weekly list of written determinations (e.g., Private Letter Rulings, Technical Advice Memorandums and Chief Counsel Advice).

Special thanks to Alex Ruff in our Chicago office for this week’s roundup.



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Weekly IRS Roundup April 8 – 12, 2019

by | Apr 15, 2019 | , ,

Presented below is our summary of significant Internal Revenue Service (IRS) guidance and relevant tax matters for the week of April 8 – 12, 2019.

April 8, 2019: The IRS issued a news release warning taxpayers against rushing to file their returns and recommending they file for an extension if needed.

April 9, 2019: The IRS issued a news release seeking volunteers for the taxpayer advocate panel. The application process is open through May 3, 2019.

April 10, 2019: The IRS issued corrections to final regulations (TD 9846) implementing Section 965 of the code.

April 11, 2019: The IRS released Revenue Procedure 2019-18 providing a safe harbor for professional sports teams when determining the value of player and staff-member contracts for the purpose of recognizing gain or loss on a trade, staff-member contract or draft pick.

April 11, 2019: The IRS issued corrections to proposed regulations (REG–104464–18) dealing with the amount of the deduction for foreign-derived intangible income (FDII) and global intangible low-taxed income (GILTI).

April 12, 2019: The IRS issued a news release announcing 50 million people still needed to file their 2018 returns as the deadline approaches.

April 12, 2019:  IRS Commissioner Chuck Rettig released a message thanking taxpayers for filing their returns.

Special thanks to Terence McAllister in our New York office for this week’s roundup.



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Weekly IRS Roundup March 4 – 8, 2019

by | Mar 11, 2019 | ,

Presented below is our summary of significant Internal Revenue Service (IRS) guidance and relevant tax matters for the week of March 4 – 8, 2019.

March 4, 2019: The IRS issued proposed regulations under Section 250 of the Code for determining domestic corporations’ deductions for foreign-derived intangible income (FDII) and global intangible low-taxed income (GILTI).

March 4, 2019: The IRS issued a news release kicking off the annual list of what the agency terms the most prevalent or “Dirty Dozen” tax scams.

March 5, 2019: The IRS released Notice 2019-18 informing taxpayers that the Treasury Department and the IRS no longer intend to amend the required minimum distribution regulations under § 401(a)(9) of the Internal Revenue Code.

March 6, 2019: The IRS scheduled a public hearing for March 25, 2019, on proposed regulations relating to the Base Erosion and Anti-Abuse Tax.

March 6, 2019: The IRS released Notice 2019-20 providing a waiver of penalties under Sections 6722 and 6698 to certain partnerships for the 2018 tax year.

March 8, 2019: The IRS issued a news release postponing tax return filing and payment deadlines for victims of tornadoes and severe storms in parts of Alabama.

March 9, 2019: The IRS issued a news release advising business owners and self-employed individuals that Publication 5318 contains information of recent tax law changes that might affect their bottom line.

March 9, 2019: The IRS scheduled a March 20 public hearing on proposed regulations on hybrid entities and transactions under section 267A, and scheduled an April 10 public hearing on proposed regulations regarding withholding requirements.

Special thanks to Terence McAllister in our New York office for this week’s roundup.



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Weekly IRS Roundup January 7 – 11, 2019

by | Jan 14, 2019 | , ,

Presented below is our summary of significant Internal Revenue Service (IRS) guidance and relevant tax matters for the week of January 7 – 11, 2019. Tax news is very limited because of the government shutdown:

January 7, 2019: The IRS issued a news release confirming that, despite the partial federal government shutdown, it will process tax returns beginning January 28, 2019, and provide refunds to taxpayers as scheduled.

January 7, 2019: The IRS released the final 2018 version of Form 8996, dealing with certification as a qualified opportunity fund under section 1400Z-2 of the Code, enacted in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act.

January 7, 2019: The IRS issued an announcement cancelling a public hearing—originally scheduled for January 10, 2019—on proposed regulations concerning qualified opportunity funds under section 1400Z-2 of the Code, in light of the partial federal government shutdown.

January 7, 2019: The IRS released final instructions for Form 8992, dealing with the calculation of global intangible low-taxed income under section 951A of the Code, enacted in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act.

January 8, 2019: The IRS released the final 2018 version of Form 8992, dealing with the calculation of global intangible low-taxed income under section 951A of the Code, enacted in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act.

January 11, 2019: The IRS issued a news release announcing the start of the IRS Free File program for this filing season and detailing new consumer protections that have been added to the program.

Special thanks to Le Chen in our DC office for this week’s roundup.



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Bloomberg Tax: Prop. GILTI Regs: ‘Tested Income’

by | Nov 15, 2018 | , ,

The Treasury and IRS recently issued proposed regulations under §951A.1 The regulations provide rules for determining the amount of the inclusion in a U.S. shareholder’s gross income of global intangible low-taxed income (GILTI).

The GILTI inclusion amount is the aggregate of a U.S. shareholder’s pro rata shares of tested income less tested losses from each directly and indirectly owned controlled foreign corporation (CFC), less 10% of its aggregate pro rata shares of qualified business asset investments (reduced by certain interest expense). 2 This article discusses the rules in the proposed regulations for determining a CFC’s tested income.

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Originally published in Bloomberg Tax: Tax Management International Journal, November 2018.



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Bring That CFC on Home: Domesticating Individually-Owned CFCs After Tax Reform

by and | Oct 30, 2018 | ,

Several changes in tax reform have a disparate impact on non-corporate US shareholders of foreign corporations compared with their corporate counterparts. Many such non-corporate shareholders face an expensive tax increase. They may attempt to mitigate this increase by transferring their shares to a US corporation or making a Section 962 election. This article examines the new rules governing US individuals who own foreign corporations and discusses the most significant recent changes, including a lack of participation exemption for US individuals who own foreign corporations and a higher transition tax rate. It further outlines new options for domestication of such foreign corporations.

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Originally published in Bloomberg BNA Daily Tax Report – October 26, 2018 – Number 205.



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Weekly IRS Roundup September 10 – 14, 2018

by | Sep 18, 2018 | , ,

Presented below is our summary of significant Internal Revenue Service (IRS) guidance and relevant tax matters for the week of September 10 – 14, 2018:

September 10, 2018: The IRS announced the following five new Large Business & International compliance campaigns: (1) Internal Revenue Code (Code) Section 199 Claims Risk Review; (2) Syndicated Conservation Easement Transactions; (3) Foreign Base Company Sales Income: Manufacturing Branch Rules; (4) Form 1120F Interest Expense/Home Office Expense; and (5) Individuals Employed by Foreign Governments and International Organizations. We discuss these new campaigns in more detail here and have reported about previous LB&I campaigns in the below blog posts.

September 13, 2018: Treasury and the IRS released proposed regulations under Code Section 951A, the new tax on global intangible low-taxed income earned by controlled foreign corporations. The proposed regulations include a number of anti-abuse provisions.

September 13, 2018: The IRS published Revenue Procedure 2018-48, which provides guidance regarding how certain amounts included in income under Code Sections 951(a)(1) and 986(c) are treated for purposes of determining whether a REIT satisfies the Code Section 856(c)(2) gross income test.

September 14, 2018: The IRS issued Notice 2018-73, which provides updated interests rates and guidance regarding the corporate bond monthly yield curve.

September 14, 2018: The IRS released its weekly list of written determinations (e.g., Private Letter Rulings, Technical Advice Memorandum and Chief Counsel Advice).

Special thanks to Kevin Hall in our DC office for this week’s roundup.



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Tax Reform Insight: US Tax Costs Significantly Reduced on Sale of CFC Stock

by , , and | Sep 13, 2018 | , ,

Following the 2017 Tax Act, the US tax costs to a corporate US shareholder that sells stock in a controlled foreign corporation (CFC) are significantly reduced. Beginning in 2018, the amount of gain will be generally less than in prior years and most or all such gain will frequently not be subject to any US federal income taxation.

The amount of gain recognized in a sale of course is the difference between the amount realized and the selling shareholder’s adjusted tax basis in the stock of the CFC. The initial basis in the stock of a CFC is increased by the amount of earnings of the CFC and its subsidiaries that was included in the gross income of the domestic corporation under Subpart F (i.e., previously taxed earnings). The increase in basis can be significant as a result of the transition tax Subpart F inclusion of post-1986 earnings of CFCs and the expansion of Subpart F inclusions for global intangible low-taxed income (GILTI).

The gain recognized by a domestic corporation upon the sale of stock in a CFC generally is capital gain subject to a 21 percent tax rate. Section 1248, however, recharacterizes as a deemed dividend all or a portion of the gain. The amount of gain recharacterized generally equals the amount of non-previously taxed earnings of the CFC and its foreign subsidiaries. Provided the domestic corporate shareholder held the CFC stock for at least one year, the amount of the gain recharacterized as a dividend generally is eligible for a 100 percent dividends received deduction under section 245A.

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